external costs

Economic men in environment make as far as possible external costs given society in order to maximize their profits.

在经济活动中，经济人为了使自己的收益达到最大化，他们会尽可能地使外部成本转嫁给社会，减少自己的内部成本，使社会资源的配置偏离社会的需要。

Without scientific pricing methodology, the electricity price can not response to the scarcity of energy, compensate the external costs, and balance the demand and supply.

没有科学定价方式，电价不能反映能源稀缺，弥补环境成本，调节供给和需求。

It has drawn out the urban transport external costs production mechanism.

从外部性入手,引出了城市交通外部成本的产生机理.

However, there are a lot of external costs; there are a lot of hidden costs as well which make the cost of logistics a lot higher than it should be.

然而，有许多外部成本，还有许多隐形成本，这让物流成本比应有水平高出了许多。

In lieu of or in addition to the foregoing approaches, government can require payment of penalties or fees for private activities that generate external costs or fail to provide collective goods.

政府可以要求产生外在成本或未能提供集体性产品的私人活动支付罚金或费用，这种方法可以替代上述方法或作为一种补充。

Comparison and countermeasure study on external costs of nuclear power and coal-fired power

核电与煤电的外部成本比较及对策研究

The Formation and Implication of the Internal and External Costs of Opportunism in Technology Alliances& from the Perspective of Evolutionary Strategic Behavior

技术联盟中机会主义行为的内外部成本构设及其意涵&基于策略行为演化的视角

Research on Several Problems about Transport External Costs

交通运输外部成本问题研究

The total external costs and the average external cost in China transportation system have been calculated by the theory and method which established in this research based on the accessible data in 2005.

选取2005年为计算年份，应用论文中建立的各外部成本计算方法体系，计算了有实用价值的2005年中国交通运输系统总的外部成本和平均外部成本。

The paper gives a pilot study about the countermeasures of the external costs of urban traffic and congestion pricing which is paid more attention to in recent years.

本文对交通社会成本内部化的对策进行了初步研究，并重点对近年来被很多人关注的城市交通拥挤收费政策进行了探讨。

The social and external costs of highway construction have been discussed in chapter 5. Chapter 6 is the conclusion of the paper, clarifying the central contents and written purpose.

第5章对高速公路运输的外部成本与社会成本略作了分析。第6章对本论文的主要内容进行了归纳，明确了论文的写作目的与意义。

Through the empirical study, we found that China's banking is in severe fragility and the external costs resulted from the fragility is high.

通过实证研究发现目前我国银行业处于高脆弱性状态，并且我们估计这种脆弱性的外部性成本是十分高昂的；

This study is promoting on the collection of overloading transportation compensation rates associated with external costs and the development of certain calculation theories.

本文的研究对超限运输补偿费率的征收及相关外部成本测算理论的发展有一定的推动作用。

Studies on the External Costs of and the Optimum Use of Nitrogen Fertilizer Based on the Balance of Economic and Ecological Benefits in the Paddy Field System of the Dongting Lake Area

洞庭湖区氮肥外部成本及稻田氮素经济生态最佳投入研究

At present, environment accounting system adopts micro-financial cost but neglects external costs of the business.

目前，环境会计采用的是微观财务成本观念，而忽视微观经济成本；

A variety of policy instruments have been established to address and solve the problem aroused by the external costs greenhouse gas emissions mitigation.

为解决温室气体排放的外部性问题，各种减排政策工具应运而生。

Analysis and Control of External Costs for Smes in Economic Park Street

街道经济园区内中小企业外部成本分析与调控

Evaluation and Internalization of the External Costs on Traffic and Transport

交通运输外部成本评估及内部化

External costs of noise pollution and climate change are calculated by reference method and avoidable cost method.

噪声污染和气候变化成本则分别采用成果借鉴法和避免成本法计算。

Overloading transportation brings in excess profits to the owners, meanwhile causes many external costs to society.

超限运输在给运输业主带来超额利润的同时，也把许多外部成本转嫁给了社会。

The results of this study will guide enterprises to be more positive investment environment to internalize external costs which can promote the harmonious development of enterprises and society.

这一研究结果能够引导企业更加积极的进行环境外部成本内部化的投资，促进企业及整个社会的和谐发展。

Research the marginal external costs of congestion based on the overall road network and give the quantitative calculations.

基于路网整体研究了边际拥挤外部成本，并给出定量计算。

Verified the advantages that compare the wind power generation and conventional power by the external costs that be taken into account.

通过算例验证了计及外部成本的情况下，风力发电与常规能源发电相比的优势。

These benefits, like external costs, usually are not reflected in the producer's profits or losses.

这些利益正如外在的成本一样, 通常不会在生产商的损益计算中体现出来.

This will only lead to greater costs being placed on the majority due to the external costs central to underpriced consumption.

这只会让大多数人被迫承担更大的成本，因为价格偏低的消费的核心就是造成外部成本。

The technological externality discusses the benefit evaluation and external costs.

技术的外部性则讨论了转基因作物的收益评估与外部成本。

The results indicate that the local governments misuse the land eminent domain to seek for their own interests. The farmers' behavior under the lower compensation criteria brings about the higher external costs for governments, enterprises and society and results in the inefficient land expropriation system.

研究结果：地方政府滥用征地权是追求自身利益最大化的结果，低标准补偿下农户行为给政府、企业、社会带来了较高的外在成本，导致征地效率损失。

Finally there are external effects: the unpriced costs reflected in the modern environmental crisis.

最后是由外部效应: 未标价的成本反映在现代环境危机中.

However, in the existing electric power market system, the development of electricity and energy production process does not take into account the environmental pollution and resource consumption and other external costs.

然而，在现有的电力市场体制下，电价的制定并没有考虑电能生产过程中造成的环境污染和资源消耗等外部成本。

Banks are facing the AML requirements biochemical external costs.

银行反洗钱活动面临外部成本内生化的要求。